idk man but in my opinion i think that
Climate change includes both
global warming driven by human-induced emissions of
greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. Though there have been
previous periods of climatic change, humans have since the mid-20th century had an unprecedented impact on Earth's climate system and have caused change on a global scale.
The largest driver of warming is the
emission of gases that create a greenhouse effect, of which more than 90% are
carbon dioxide (CO
2) and
methane.
Fossil fuel burning (
coal,
oil, and
natural gas) for
energy consumption is the main source of these emissions, with additional contributions from agriculture, deforestation, and
manufacturing. The human cause of climate change is not disputed by any scientific body of national or international standing. Temperature rise is accelerated or tempered by
climate feedbacks, such as loss of
sunlight-reflecting snow and ice cover, increased
water vapour (a greenhouse gas itself), and changes to
land and ocean carbon sinks.
Temperature rise on land is about twice the global average increase, leading to desert expansion and more common
heat waves and
wildfires. Temperature rise is also
amplified in the Arctic, where it has contributed to melting
permafrost,
glacial retreat and sea ice loss.
[7] Warmer temperatures are increasing rates of evaporation, causing
more intense storms and
weather extremes.
Impacts on ecosystems include the relocation or
extinction of many species as their environment changes, most immediately in
coral reefs, mountains, and
the Arctic. Climate change
threatens people with
food insecurity,
water scarcity, flooding, infectious diseases, extreme heat,
economic losses, and displacement. These impacts have led the
World Health Organization to call climate change the greatest threat to global health in the 21st century. Even if efforts to minimise future warming are successful, some effects will continue for centuries, including
rising sea levels, rising ocean temperatures, and
ocean acidification.
Energy flows between space, the atmosphere, and Earth's surface. Current greenhouse gas levels are causing a
radiative imbalance of about 0.9 W/m2.
Many of these impacts are already felt at the current level of warming, which is about 1.2 °C (2.2 °F). The
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has issued a series of reports that project significant increases in these impacts as warming continues to 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) and beyond.
[14] Additional warming also increases the risk of triggering critical thresholds called
tipping points. Responding to climate change involves
mitigation and
adaptation.
[16] Mitigation – limiting climate change – consists of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and removing them from the atmosphere; methods include the development and deployment of
low-carbon energy sources such as wind and solar, a
phase-out of coal, enhanced energy efficiency,
reforestation, and
forest preservation. Adaptation consists of adjusting to actual or expected climate, such as through improved
coastline protection, better
disaster management,
assisted colonisation, and the development of more resistant crops. Adaptation alone cannot avert the risk of "severe, widespread and irreversible" impacts